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Physics · Modern Physics

X-Ray Physics

X-Ray Physics equipment from the PHYWE Modern Physics range. 77 products, 110V/60Hz adapted for U.S. labs.

77 Products Modern Physics 110V/60Hz Adapted
All Modern Physics Atomic & Molecular Nuclear & Particle Quantum Physics Radioactivity X-Ray Physics
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Absorption of X-rays
P2541105
University Level
X-Ray Physics

Absorption of X-rays

Supplied with software. Computer not provided.

Alignment of the camera
P2550605
University Level
X-Ray Physics

Alignment of the camera

Alignment of the detector and the rotation stage is very important to get optimal quality images of a CT scan.

Beam hardening and metal artefacts
P2550805
University Level
X-Ray Physics

Beam hardening and metal artefacts

X-ray sources produce a polychromatic spectrum which is altered when interacting with the sample. Due to this alteration, cupping effects in the reconstructed data of a CT scan.

Characteristic X-ray lines of different anode materials / Moseley's law
P2541005
University Level
X-Ray Physics

Characteristic X-ray lines of different anode materials / Moseley's law

Moseley's law describes the relationship between the energy of the Ka lines of characteristic X-ray spectra and the atomic number.

Characteristic X-rays of copper
P2540105
University Level
X-Ray Physics

Characteristic X-rays of copper

Spectra of X-rays from a copper anode are analyzed using different monocrystals and the results plotted graphically.

Characteristic X-rays of iron
P2540305
University Level
X-Ray Physics

Characteristic X-rays of iron

Characteristic X-rays of iron, supplied in the U.S. by American Scientific. Contact us for specifications.

Characteristic X-rays of molybdenum
P2540205
University Level
X-Ray Physics

Characteristic X-rays of molybdenum

Spectra of X-rays from a molybdenum anode are to be analyzed by means of different monocrystals and the results plotted graphically.

Characteristic X-rays of tungsten
P2542805
University Level
X-Ray Physics

Characteristic X-rays of tungsten

An X-ray tube with a tungsten anode generates X-radiation that is selected with the aid of a monocrystal as a function of the Bragg angle.

Chemicals for X-Ray-experiments
09057-89
Lab Apparatus
X-Ray Physics

Chemicals for X-Ray-experiments

Chemicals for X-Ray-experiments, supplied in the U.S. by American Scientific. Contact us for specifications.

Compton effect - energy-dispersive direct measurement
P2546005
University Level
X-Ray Physics

Compton effect - energy-dispersive direct measurement

Photons of the molybdenum K α X-ray line are scattered at the quasi-free electrons of an acrylic glass cuboid.

Compton scattering of X-rays
P2541705
University Level
X-Ray Physics

Compton scattering of X-rays

Compton scattering is to be achieved by directing an X-ray beam against a piece of plastic. The portions of the scattered X-rays at various angles is to be measured with a counter tube.

Computed tomography
P2550105
University Level
X-Ray Physics

Computed tomography

The CT principle is demonstrated with the aid of simple objects. In the case of very simple targets, only a few images need to be taken in order to achieve a good result.

Contrast medium experiment with a blood vessel model
P2541905
University Level
X-Ray Physics

Contrast medium experiment with a blood vessel model

When a blood vessel model is irradiated with X-rays, the blood vessels themselves are not visible at first. It is only after the injection of a contrast medium that the blood vessels become visible.

Counter tube characteristics
P2540015
University Level
X-Ray Physics

Counter tube characteristics

The counter tube uses the ionising effect of high-energy radiation in order to measure the intensity of the radiation. The counter tube characteristics describe its working range, i.e.

Data cable Ethernet to USB
07157-05
Component
X-Ray Physics

Data cable Ethernet to USB

(no description provided)

Debye-Scherrer diffraction measurements for the examination of the texture of rolled sheets
P2542705
University Level
X-Ray Physics

Debye-Scherrer diffraction measurements for the examination of the texture of rolled sheets

Debye-Scherrer diffraction measurements for the examination of the texture of rolled sheets, supplied in the U.S. by American Scientific. Contact us for specifications.

Debye-Scherrer diffraction patterns of powder samples with a hexagonal lattice structure
P2542305
University Level
X-Ray Physics

Debye-Scherrer diffraction patterns of powder samples with a hexagonal lattice structure

Debye-Scherrer diffraction patterns of powder samples with a hexagonal lattice structure, supplied in the U.S. by American Scientific. Contact us for specifications.

Debye-Scherrer diffraction patterns of powder samples with a tetragonal lattice structure
P2542405
University Level
X-Ray Physics

Debye-Scherrer diffraction patterns of powder samples with a tetragonal lattice structure

Debye-Scherrer diffraction patterns of powder samples with a tetragonal lattice structure, supplied in the U.S. by American Scientific. Contact us for specifications.

Debye-Scherrer diffraction patterns of powder samples with three cubic Bravais lattices (Bragg-Brentano-geometry)
P2542105
University Level
X-Ray Physics

Debye-Scherrer diffraction patterns of powder samples with three cubic Bravais lattices (Bragg-Brentano-geometry)

Polycrystalline powder samples, which crystallize in the three cubic Bravais types, simple, face-centered and body-centered, are irradiated with the radiation from a Roentgen tube with a copper anode.

Debye-Scherrer diffraction patterns with a cubic powder sample
P2542505
University Level
X-Ray Physics

Debye-Scherrer diffraction patterns with a cubic powder sample

A cubic crystalline powder sample is irradiated with the radiation from a X-ray tube with a copper anode.

Debye-Scherrer diffractions pattern of powder samples with a diamond structure (according to Bragg-Brentano)
P2542205
University Level
X-Ray Physics

Debye-Scherrer diffractions pattern of powder samples with a diamond structure (according to Bragg-Brentano)

Polycrystalline powder samples, which crystallize in the three cubic Bravais types, simple, face-centered and body-centered, are irradiated with the radiation from a Roentgen tube with a copper anode.

Determination of length and position of an object which cannot be seen
P2542005
University Level
X-Ray Physics

Determination of length and position of an object which cannot be seen

This experiment provides training in determining the length and position of an object based on an X-ray image. A metal pin that is embedded in a wooden block is used as the model.

Determination of the lattice constants of a monocrystal
P2546205
University Level
X-Ray Physics

Determination of the lattice constants of a monocrystal

Polychromatic X-rays impinge on a monocrystal under various glancing angles. The rays are reflected by the lattice planes of the monocrystal.

Diffraction measurements to determine the intensity of Debye-Scherrer reflexes using a cubic powder sample
P2542605
University Level
X-Ray Physics

Diffraction measurements to determine the intensity of Debye-Scherrer reflexes using a cubic powder sample

Diffraction measurements to determine the intensity of Debye-Scherrer reflexes using a cubic powder sample, supplied in the U.S. by American Scientific. Contact us for specifications.

Duane-Hunt displacement law and Planck's "quantum of action"
P2540905
University Level
X-Ray Physics

Duane-Hunt displacement law and Planck's "quantum of action"

X -ray spectra are recorded as a function of the anode voltage. The short wavelength limit of the bremsspectrum is used to determine the agreement with the Duane-Hunt displacement law, and to...

Duane-Hunt displacement law
P2546305
University Level
X-Ray Physics

Duane-Hunt displacement law

X-ray spectra of an X-ray tube are measured in an energy dispersive manner with a semiconductor detector and with various anode voltages.

Energy-dispersive measurements of K- and L-absorption edges
P2546105
University Level
X-Ray Physics

Energy-dispersive measurements of K- and L-absorption edges

Thin powder samples are subjected to polychromatic X-rays. The energy of the radiation that passes through the samples is analysed with the aid of a semiconductor detector and a multi-channel...

Energy Resolution Of The X Ray Energy Detector
P2544105
Lab Apparatus
X-Ray Physics

Energy Resolution Of The X Ray Energy Detector

Energy Resolution Of The X Ray Energy Detector, supplied in the U.S. by American Scientific. Contact us for specifications.

Examination of the structure of NaCl monocrystals with different orientations
P2541305
University Level
X-Ray Physics

Examination of the structure of NaCl monocrystals with different orientations

The spectra of the X-rays that are reflected with various different orientations by NaCl monocrystals are analysed.

Hounsfield units
P2550905
University Level
X-Ray Physics

Hounsfield units

Depending on the type of CT scanner and the settings, the result of a CT scan of the same material can be different attenuation coefficient (grey-values).

Inherent fluorescence radiation of the X-ray energy detector
P2544205
University Level
X-Ray Physics

Inherent fluorescence radiation of the X-ray energy detector

Fluorescence radiation of the elements of a sample can cause fluorescence radiation inside the detector and its housing if the energy is sufficiently high.

Ionizing effect of X-radiation
P2540045
University Level
X-Ray Physics

Ionizing effect of X-radiation

As well as the outgoing radiation from a radioactive emitter is able to ionize air, so also X-radiation shows an ionizing effect. When air is penetrated by X-radiation, it is electrically conductive.

K alpha double splitting of molybdenum X-rays / fine structure
P2540705
University Level
X-Ray Physics

K alpha double splitting of molybdenum X-rays / fine structure

The polychromatic molybdenum X-ray spectrum is analyzed by means of a monocrystal. The energy of the characteristic lines is determined from the positions of the glancing angles at various orders of...

K alpha doublet splitting of iron X-rays / fine structure
P2540805
University Level
X-Ray Physics

K alpha doublet splitting of iron X-rays / fine structure

The polychromatic iron X-ray spectrum is to analyzed by means of a monocrystal. The energy of the characteristic lines is to be determined from the positions of the glancing angles for various orders...

K and L absorption edges of X-rays / Moseley's law and the Rydberg constant
P2541205
University Level
X-Ray Physics

K and L absorption edges of X-rays / Moseley's law and the Rydberg constant

Samples of various elements of different atomic numbers are irradiated with X-rays of a known spectral distribution. The energy of the transmitted intensities is analyzed using a monocrystal analyzer.

Monochromatisation of copper X-rays
P2540605
University Level
X-Ray Physics

Monochromatisation of copper X-rays

The X-rays that are generated by an X-ray tube are polychromatic. Numerous experiments (e.g.

Monochromatisation of molybdenum X-rays
P2540505
University Level
X-Ray Physics

Monochromatisation of molybdenum X-rays

The X-rays that are generated by an X-ray tube are polychromatic. Numerous experiments (e.g.

Optimization of the CT scan quality
P2550705
University Level
X-Ray Physics

Optimization of the CT scan quality

Optimization of the CT scan quality, supplied in the U.S. by American Scientific. Contact us for specifications.

Principles of beam intensity
P2550305
University Level
X-Ray Physics

Principles of beam intensity

(no description provided)

Principles of CT scan
P2550505
University Level
X-Ray Physics

Principles of CT scan

X-ray computed tomography consists of using X-rays that are converted to a digital signal by a detector and computational algorithms to calculate virtual sections through an object without the need...

Principles of Digital X-ray Imaging
P2550106
University Level
X-Ray Physics

Principles of Digital X-ray Imaging

With digital X-ray imaging, X-ray photons that interact with the detector are converted to a digital signal. This permits to record digital radiographies.

Principles Of Resolution And Detail Detectability
P2550405
Lab Apparatus
X-Ray Physics

Principles Of Resolution And Detail Detectability

Principles Of Resolution And Detail Detectability, supplied in the U.S. by American Scientific. Contact us for specifications.

Principles of X-ray attenuation and contrast
P2550205
University Level
X-Ray Physics

Principles of X-ray attenuation and contrast

(no description provided)

Qualitative examination of the absorption of X-rays
P2540035
University Level
X-Ray Physics

Qualitative examination of the absorption of X-rays

X-rays penetrate objects that are impenetrable for visible light. The absorption depends on the thickness and type of the material.

Qualitative X-ray fluorescence analysis of alloyed materials
P2544605
University Level
X-Ray Physics

Qualitative X-ray fluorescence analysis of alloyed materials

The composition of various alloys is analysed with the aid of polychromatic X-rays. The energy of the characteristic fluorescence lines of the alloy constituents is analysed with the aid of a...

Qualitative X-ray fluorescence analysis of ore samples
P2544905
University Level
X-Ray Physics

Qualitative X-ray fluorescence analysis of ore samples

Various ore samples are subjected to polychromatic X-rays. The energy of the resulting fluorescence radiation is analysed with the aid of a semiconductor detector and a multichannel analyser.

Qualitative X-ray fluorescence analysis of powder samples
P2544705
University Level
X-Ray Physics

Qualitative X-ray fluorescence analysis of powder samples

Various powder samples are subjected to polychromatic X-rays. The energy of the resulting fluorescence radiation is analysed with the aid of a semiconductor detector and a multichannel analyser.

Qualitative X Ray Fluorescence Analysis Of Solutions
P2544805
Lab Apparatus
X-Ray Physics

Qualitative X Ray Fluorescence Analysis Of Solutions

Qualitative X Ray Fluorescence Analysis Of Solutions, supplied in the U.S. by American Scientific. Contact us for specifications.

Qualitative X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy of metals - Moseley's law
P2544505
University Level
X-Ray Physics

Qualitative X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy of metals - Moseley's law

Various metal samples are subjected to polychromatic X-rays. The energy of the resulting fluorescence radiation is analysed with the aid of a semiconductor detector and a multi channel analyser.

Quantitative X-ray fluorescence analysis of alloyed materials
P2545005
University Level
X-Ray Physics

Quantitative X-ray fluorescence analysis of alloyed materials

Various alloyed materials are subjected to polychromatic X-rays. The energy of the resulting fluorescence radiation is analysed with the aid of a semiconductor detector and a multichannel analyser.

Quantitative X Ray Fluorescence Analysis Of Solutions
P2545105
Lab Apparatus
X-Ray Physics

Quantitative X Ray Fluorescence Analysis Of Solutions

Quantitative X Ray Fluorescence Analysis Of Solutions, supplied in the U.S. by American Scientific. Contact us for specifications.

Radiographic examination of objects
P2540025
University Level
X-Ray Physics

Radiographic examination of objects

An X-ray tube produces X-rays that cause a fluorescent screen to emit light. Objects that are located between the X-ray source and the fluorescent screen will be irradiated so that their inner...

Tess Expert Physics Handbook X Ray Experiments For Xr 4 0 Expert Unit
01200-02
Lab Apparatus
X-Ray Physics

Tess Expert Physics Handbook X Ray Experiments For Xr 4 0 Expert Unit

Tess Expert Physics Handbook X Ray Experiments For Xr 4 0 Expert Unit, supplied in the U.S. by American Scientific. Contact us for specifications.

The intensity of characteristic X-rays as a function of the anode current and anode voltage
P2540405
University Level
X-Ray Physics

The intensity of characteristic X-rays as a function of the anode current and anode voltage

The polychromatic X-radiation from a copper anode is analyzed using a LiF monocrystal according to Bragg.

X-ray energy spectroscopy - calibration of the X-ray energy detector
P2544005
University Level
X-Ray Physics

X-ray energy spectroscopy - calibration of the X-ray energy detector

Various metal samples are subjected to polychromatic X-rays. The resulting fluorescence radiation is analysed with the aid of a semiconductor detector and a multi-channel analyser.

X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy-layer thickness determination
P2545205
University Level
X-Ray Physics

X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy-layer thickness determination

X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy-layer thickness determination, supplied in the U.S. by American Scientific. Contact us for specifications.

X-ray investigation of crystal structures / Laue method with digital X-ray image sensor(XRIS)
P2541606
University Level
X-Ray Physics

X-ray investigation of crystal structures / Laue method with digital X-ray image sensor(XRIS)

Laue diagrams are produced when monocrystals are irradiated with polychromatic X-rays. This method is primarily used for the determination of crystal symmetries and the orientation of crystals.

X-ray investigation of crystal structures / Laue method
P2541605
University Level
X-Ray Physics

X-ray investigation of crystal structures / Laue method

Laue diagrams are produced when monocrystals are irradiated with polychromatic X-rays. This method is primarily used for the determination of crystal symmetries and the orientation of crystals.

X-ray investigation of cubic crystal structures / Debye-Scherrer powder method
P2541405
University Level
X-Ray Physics

X-ray investigation of cubic crystal structures / Debye-Scherrer powder method

When polycrystalline samples are irradiated with X-rays a characteristic diffraction pattern results. These Debye-Scherrer reflections are photographed and then evaluated.

X-ray investigation of hexagonal crystal structures / Debye-Scherrer powder method
P2541505
University Level
X-Ray Physics

X-ray investigation of hexagonal crystal structures / Debye-Scherrer powder method

A polycrystalline zirconium foil is irradiated with X-rays. The resulting Debye-Scherrer reflections are photographed and then evaluated.

XR 4.0 expert unit, 35 kV
09057-99
Lab Apparatus
X-Ray Physics

XR 4.0 expert unit, 35 kV

You cannot use the item without these accessories!

XR 4.0 LI unit; 30 kV kV, 1 mA
09056-37
Lab Apparatus
X-Ray Physics

XR 4.0 LI unit; 30 kV kV, 1 mA

You cannot use the item without these accessories!

XR 4.0 X-ray Counter tube holder
09057-07
Component
X-Ray Physics

XR 4.0 X-ray Counter tube holder

to fix the counter tube Type B 09005-00 on the optical Bench.

XR 4.0 X-ray dosimetry upgrade set
09175-88
Complete Set
X-Ray Physics

XR 4.0 X-ray dosimetry upgrade set

Upgrade set as an extension of the XR 4.0 X-ray unit.

XR 4.0 X-ray imaging upgrade set
09155-88
Complete Set
X-Ray Physics

XR 4.0 X-ray imaging upgrade set

Upgrade set as an extension of the XR4 unit.

Xr 4 0 X Ray Solid State Physics Upgrade Set
09125-88
Complete Set
X-Ray Physics

Xr 4 0 X Ray Solid State Physics Upgrade Set

Xr 4 0 X Ray Solid State Physics Upgrade Set, supplied in the U.S. by American Scientific. Contact us for specifications.

XR 4.0 X-ray structural analysis upgrade set
09145-88
Complete Set
X-Ray Physics

XR 4.0 X-ray structural analysis upgrade set

Upgrade set as an extension of the XRE 4.0 X-ray expert set (09110-88). This set is particularly suitable for the structural analysis of different types of samples in materials physics, chemical...

XR 4.0 X-ray Plug-in with copper tube (Cu)
09057-51
Component
X-Ray Physics

XR 4.0 X-ray Plug-in with copper tube (Cu)

Aligned cupper (CU) X-ray tube in a sheet-steel housing with carrying handle for ready-to-use operation in the XR 4.0 expert unit.

XR 4.0 X-ray material upgrade set
09165-88
Component
X-Ray Physics

XR 4.0 X-ray material upgrade set

Upgrade set as an extension of the XR 4.0 X-ray unit.

XR 4.0 X-ray Upgrade Set Computed Tomography
09185-88
Component
X-Ray Physics

XR 4.0 X-ray Upgrade Set Computed Tomography

Teach the fundamentals of computed tomography (CT) with a set designed for laboratory courses and lectures in physics, medicine and materials science.

XR4 X-ray CT accessories pro
09057-44
Component
X-Ray Physics

XR4 X-ray CT accessories pro

Accessory set to perform a wide range of CT experiments with the XR 4.0 computed tomography upgrade set.

XR4 X-ray Plug-in Mo tube
09057-61
Component
X-Ray Physics

XR4 X-ray Plug-in Mo tube

Aligned molybdenum (Mo) X-ray tube in a sheet-steel housing with carrying handle for ready-to-use operation in the XR 4.0 expert unit.

XR4 X-ray Plug-in Fe tube
09057-71
Component
X-Ray Physics

XR4 X-ray Plug-in Fe tube

Aligned iron (Fe) X-ray tube in a sheet-steel housing with carrying handle for ready-to-use operation in the XR 4.0 expert unit.

XR 4.0 X-ray Plug-in with tungsten tube (W)
09057-81
Component
X-Ray Physics

XR 4.0 X-ray Plug-in with tungsten tube (W)

Aligned tungsten (W) X-ray tube in a sheet-steel housing with carrying handle for ready-to-use operation in the XR 4.0 expert unit.

XR 4.0 X-ray goniometer
09057-10
Component
X-Ray Physics

XR 4.0 X-ray goniometer

Self-calibrating goniometer with two independently operating stepper motors for precise angular positioning of a sample and a detector, separately or in 2:1 coupling.

XRC 4.0 X-ray characteristics upgrade set
09135-88
Complete Set
X-Ray Physics

XRC 4.0 X-ray characteristics upgrade set

Upgrade set as an extension of the XR 4.0 X-ray expert set (09110-88). It is used for the characterisation of the radiation spectra of various different anode materials.

XRE 4.0 X-ray expert set for schools
09117-88
Complete Set
X-Ray Physics

XRE 4.0 X-ray expert set for schools

The complete set is designed for the safe execution of eight curriculum-compliant experiments in X-ray physics and X-ray imaging at school level.